Types of Skin Cancer: Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

At Aberdeen Dermatology Associates, LLC in Aberdeen, SD, patients are often surprised to learn how common skin cancer truly is. Understanding the different types of skin cancer is an important step toward early detection and effective treatment. While there are several forms, the three most frequently diagnosed are melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Each type has distinct characteristics, risks, and treatment approaches.

Skin cancer typically develops as a result of prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Genetics, fair skin, a history of sunburns, and a weakened immune system can also increase risk. Recognizing early warning signs and seeking prompt evaluation can significantly improve outcomes.

Melanoma

Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer because it has a greater tendency to spread to other parts of the body if not detected early. It develops in melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing pigment. Melanoma may appear as a new dark spot or as changes in an existing mole. Irregular borders, uneven coloring, asymmetry, or rapid growth are potential warning signs.

Although melanoma accounts for a smaller percentage of skin cancer cases, it is responsible for the majority of skin cancer–related deaths. Early diagnosis greatly increases the likelihood of successful treatment, often with surgical removal before the cancer has spread.

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer. It typically develops in areas frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, neck, and hands. This cancer often appears as a pearly or flesh-colored bump, a flat scar-like lesion, or a sore that does not heal properly.

Basal cell carcinoma tends to grow slowly and rarely spreads to distant organs. However, if left untreated, it can cause significant local tissue damage. Early intervention helps prevent complications and supports optimal cosmetic outcomes.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of skin cancer. It arises from the squamous cells that make up the outer layer of the skin. This type may appear as a firm red nodule, a rough scaly patch, or a persistent sore.
While squamous cell carcinoma is generally treatable, it carries a higher risk of spreading than basal cell carcinoma, particularly when detected at a later stage. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are key to preventing more serious complications.

Schedule an Evaluation for Peace of Mind

If you notice new or changing skin lesions, persistent sores, or unusual growths, a professional evaluation is essential. To schedule a comprehensive skin examination, contact Aberdeen Dermatology Associates, LLC in Aberdeen, SD, at (605) 226-0560. Early detection and expert care are vital steps in protecting your skin and overall health.